Umhla wokuPosa:10, Nov,2025

I-dosage ye-admixtures ayilona xabiso elimiselweyo kwaye lifuna ukulungiswa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokweempawu zezinto ezibonakalayo, uhlobo lweprojekthi kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo.

(1) Impembelelo yeepropati zesamente Ukuqulunqwa kwezimbiwa, ukucolwa kunye ne-gypsum form ye-samente kuqinisekisa ngokuthe ngqo iimfuno ze-admixture. I-samente enomxholo ophezulu we-C3A (> 8%) inomthamo onamandla we-adsorption wokunciphisa amanzi kwaye i-dosage kufuneka inyuswe nge-10-20%. Rhoqo nge-50m2/kg yonyuso kummandla othe ngqo wesamente, idosi yokunciphisa amanzi kufuneka inyuswe nge-0.1-0.2% ukugubungela indawo enkulu yomphezulu. I-samente ene-anhydrite (i-dihydrate gypsum content <50%), i-water reducer adsorption rate iyacotha kwaye i-dosage ingancitshiswa nge-5-10%, kodwa ixesha lokuxuba kufuneka landiswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusabalalisa okufanayo.

(2) Impembelelo ye-mineral admixtures Iimpawu ze-adsorption ze-admixtures zamaminerali ezifana ne-fly ash kunye ne-slag powder ziya kutshintsha ukuxinwa okusebenzayo kwe-admixtures. Umthamo we-adsorption weClass I fly ash (umlinganiselo wemfuno yamanzi ≤ 95%) kubanciphisi bamanzi yi-30-40% kuphela yesamente. Xa utshintsha i-20% yesamente, idosi yokunciphisa amanzi inokuncitshiswa nge-5-10%. Xa indawo ethile yommandla we-slag powder ingaphezulu kwe-450m2/kg, idosi ye-admixture kufuneka inyuswe nge-5-8% xa kutshintshwa i-40% yesamente. Xa i-fly ash kunye ne-slag powder ixutywe kumlinganiselo we-1: 1 (inani elipheleleyo lokutshintshwa kwe-50%), i-dosage yokunciphisa amanzi ingancitshiswa nge-3-5% xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo ye-slag powder enye ngenxa yeempawu ezihambelanayo zokubhengezwa kwezi zibini. Ngenxa yommandla omkhulu womphezulu we-silica umsi (>15000m2/kg), idosi yokunciphisa amanzi kufuneka inyuswe nge-0.2-0.3% kwi-10% nganye yesamente etshintshwayo.

(3) Impembelelo yeepropati ezidibeneyo Umthamo wodaka kunye nokusabalalisa ubungakanani be-particle ubukhulu be-aggregate ziziseko ezibalulekileyo zokulungelelanisa umthamo. Ngalo lonke i-1% yokwanda kothuli lwamatye (<0.075mm amasuntswana) esantini, i-dosage yokunciphisa amanzi kufuneka inyuswe ngo-0.05-0.1%, njengoko i-porous structure yothuli lwamatye iya kuthatha i-admixture. Xa umxholo wenaliti kunye ne-flake aggregate idlula i-15%, i-dosage yokunciphisa amanzi kufuneka inyuswe nge-10-15% ukuqinisekisa i-encapsulation. Ukwandisa ubukhulu be-particle ubukhulu be-aggregate e-coarse ukusuka kwi-20mm ukuya kwi-31.5mm kunciphisa umlinganiselo we-void, kwaye i-dosage ingancitshiswa nge-5-8%.
I-dosage ye-admixtures ayilona xabiso elimiselweyo kwaye lifuna ukulungiswa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokweempawu zezinto ezibonakalayo, uhlobo lweprojekthi kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo.

(1)Impembelelo yeempawu zesamente Ukwakheka kwezimbiwa, ukucoleka kunye nohlobo lwegypsum yesamente lumisela ngokuthe ngqo iimfuno zomxube. I-samente enomxholo ophezulu we-C3A (> 8%) inomthamo onamandla we-adsorption wokunciphisa amanzi kwaye i-dosage kufuneka inyuswe nge-10-20%. Rhoqo nge-50m2/kg yonyuso kummandla othe ngqo wesamente, idosi yokunciphisa amanzi kufuneka inyuswe nge-0.1-0.2% ukugubungela indawo enkulu yomphezulu. I-samente ene-anhydrite (i-dihydrate gypsum content <50%), i-water reducer adsorption rate iyacotha kwaye i-dosage ingancitshiswa nge-5-10%, kodwa ixesha lokuxuba kufuneka landiswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusabalalisa okufanayo.

2 Umthamo we-adsorption weClass I fly ash (umlinganiselo wemfuno yamanzi ≤ 95%) kubanciphisi bamanzi yi-30-40% kuphela yesamente. Xa utshintsha i-20% yesamente, idosi yokunciphisa amanzi inokuncitshiswa nge-5-10%. Xa indawo ethile yommandla we-slag powder ingaphezulu kwe-450m2/kg, idosi ye-admixture kufuneka inyuswe nge-5-8% xa kutshintshwa i-40% yesamente. Xa i-fly ash kunye ne-slag powder ixutywe kumlinganiselo we-1: 1 (inani elipheleleyo lokutshintshwa kwe-50%), i-dosage yokunciphisa amanzi ingancitshiswa nge-3-5% xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo ye-slag powder enye ngenxa yeempawu ezihambelanayo zokubhengezwa kwezi zibini. Ngenxa yommandla omkhulu womphezulu we-silica umsi (>15000m2/kg), idosi yokunciphisa amanzi kufuneka inyuswe nge-0.2-0.3% kwi-10% nganye yesamente etshintshwayo.

(3) Impembelelo yeepropati ezidibeneyo Umthamo wodaka kunye nokusabalalisa ubungakanani be-particle ubukhulu be-aggregate ziziseko ezibalulekileyo zokulungelelanisa umthamo. Ngalo lonke i-1% yokwanda kothuli lwamatye (<0.075mm amasuntswana) esantini, i-dosage yokunciphisa amanzi kufuneka inyuswe ngo-0.05-0.1%, njengoko i-porous structure yothuli lwamatye iya kuthatha i-admixture. Xa umxholo wenaliti kunye ne-flake aggregate idlula i-15%, i-dosage yokunciphisa amanzi kufuneka inyuswe nge-10-15% ukuqinisekisa i-encapsulation. Ukwandisa ubukhulu be-particle ubukhulu be-aggregate e-coarse ukusuka kwi-20mm ukuya kwi-31.5mm kunciphisa umlinganiselo we-void, kwaye i-dosage ingancitshiswa nge-5-8%.